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Q.1 What is the primary purpose of an information security audit?
- To increase product sales
- To promote company branding
- To assess the effectiveness of security controls
- To generate website traffic
Q.2 Which of the following is a key component of an audit plan?
- Office layout design
- Staff vacation schedules
- Audit objectives and scope
- Product development roadmap
Q.3 What does the term “compliance” refer to in cybersecurity?
- Creating new marketing content
- Adhering to laws, regulations, and internal policies
- Developing hardware components
- Increasing stock prices
Q.4 Why are internal audits important for an organisation?
- To identify risks and ensure policy adherence
- To evaluate competitors
- To design new user interfaces
- To prepare for IPO
Q.5 Which standard is commonly used for information security management systems?
- ISO 9001
- GDPR
- ISO/IEC 27001
- NIST 800-63
Q.6 What is a common objective of conducting a risk assessment during an audit?
- Reduce training costs
- Identify and mitigate potential threats
- Improve sales processes
- Forecast market trends
Q.7 Who is typically responsible for ensuring audit findings are addressed?
- Sales department
- Security and compliance team
- Public relations team
- Customer support
Q.8 What is the primary role of an auditor?
- To build firewall systems
- To manage payroll
- To evaluate controls and compliance
- To lead development teams
Q.9 What is the benefit of automating audit processes?
- Reduces employee involvement
- Increases energy consumption
- Improves efficiency and accuracy
- Promotes social media engagement
Q.10 Which document typically outlines roles, responsibilities, and audit procedures?
- Newsletter
- Audit Charter
- Financial Report
- Employee Handbook
Q.11 Why is log analysis crucial during an audit?
- To delete unnecessary files
- To detect suspicious activities and breaches
- To format storage systems
- To improve user experience design
Q.12 What role does a vulnerability scan play in an audit?
- It updates passwords
- It checks screen resolution
- It identifies potential system weaknesses
- It compresses system files
Q.13 Which team is often consulted during an IT audit for infrastructure insights?
- Legal team
- IT Operations team
- HR department
- Marketing team
Q.14 What is a typical outcome of a compliance audit?
- Employee termination
- App development roadmap
- Audit report with findings and recommendations
- Budget cuts
Q.15 Which tool can help assess patch compliance in systems?
- Photoshop
- Slack
- WSUS (Windows Server Update Services)
- Canva
Q.16 Which of the following is a key goal of audit documentation?
- Increase brand recognition
- Track app downloads
- Provide evidence of compliance and findings
- Highlight executive bios
Q.17 What is a common method used to validate user access rights during an audit?
- Survey user satisfaction
- Run advertisements
- Access control review
- Modify database schemas
Q.18 Why is it important to review third-party vendor compliance during an audit?
- To increase partner discounts
- To ensure data security and regulatory adherence
- To renegotiate contracts
- To upgrade network speed
Q.19 What is the best reason to conduct regular audits?
- To maintain continuous improvement and compliance
- To launch new features
- To reduce internet bills
- To hire more staff
Q.20 What does a gap analysis identify during an audit?
- Differences between job roles
- Market segmentation
- Discrepancies between current and desired compliance states
- Backup storage limits
Q.21 Which type of audit focuses on data protection and access control?
- Financial audit
- Information security audit
- Marketing audit
- HR audit
Q.22 How does employee training support audit compliance?
- Reduces vacation time
- Promotes awareness of policies and procedures
- Changes software functionality
- Enhances office aesthetics
Q.23 Which aspect is crucial when planning for audit compliance in an organisation?
- Avoiding A communication with stakeholders
- Ignoring past audit results
- Define compliance workflow
- Skipping regular updates to the compliance policy
Q.24 An organisation is implementing a compliance framework. What does the compliance framework in an audit workflow primarily address?
- Regulatory compliance
- The design of the office space
- The expansion of business services
- The organisation’s financial performance
Q.25 How can security analysts contribute effectively to an organisation through an audit?
- By developing marketing strategies
- By offering technical insights and support
- By increasing the audit budget
- By managing public relations campaigns
Q.26 A security analyst is troubleshooting a firewall during a network security audit. Which activity is critical to identifying the root cause of a potential security breach?
- Replacing hardware components
- Monitoring device temperature
- Analysing device logs for anomalies
- Upgrading the device firmware weekly
Q.27 An organisation wants to improve its compliance framework by establishing reporting mechanisms. How does this contribute to an effective framework?
- By fostering a reporting culture
- By enhancing product features
- By increasing company profits
- By evaluating customer feedback
Q.28 During an audit, it was noted that unauthorised network traffic was detected. Which tool could have been used to identify this?
- Nessus
- Wireshark
- Metasploit
- OpenVAS
Q.29 During a configuration review, the audit team identifies several key issues. Which key performance indicator (KPI) is crucial in configuration reviews?
- Power consumption levels
- Security breach incidents
- User satisfaction scores
- Number of installed applications
Q.30 An auditor is defining the audit scope for an upcoming review of the organisation’s IT systems. What should be included in the audit scope?
- The systems, processes, and areas to be examined
- Personal opinions on the audit team members
- Confidential client information
- Financial budgets and expenditure reports
Q.31 The IT department manages a fleet of security devices in the organisation. What is the primary goal of managing security devices?
- To monitor internet traffic
- To improve data processing speed
- Protect critical assets
- To increase employee productivity
Q.32 In preparation for an upcoming IT security audit, why is it essential for the team to review the organisation’s IT systems and security documentation?
- To develop new products
- To evaluate cybersecurity and data protection measures
- To analyse customer preferences
- To create employee benefit programs
Q.33 The audit team is conducting technical testing during an information security audit. What is the primary focus of this technical testing?
- Reviewing employee compliance with security policies
- Analysing financial transactions and records
- Testing the usability of the system interfaces
- Evaluating security controls
Q.34 You are reviewing the configuration of a new software application. Which of the following is not typically part of this review?
- Review the application’s user interface design for aesthetic consistency
- Verify that software configurations comply with security policies
- Check that all system components are properly configured and integrated
- Ensure that configuration changes are documented and approved by stakeholders
Q.35 During an ISO/IEC 27001 audit, the audit team needs to verify compliance with the company’s internal policies. Which document should they review?
- External Audit Report
- Penetration Test Results
- Internal Audit Report
- Risk Assessment Document
Q.36 During an information security audit for a healthcare organisation, the auditor follows strict audit techniques. Why is adherence to these techniques crucial?
- To ensure consistent evaluations
- To meet the audit completion deadline
- To reduce the cost of the audit
- To minimise employee workload
Q.37 The IT team is finalising audit resources for an upcoming review. What is the primary role of audit resources during preparation?
- Ensuring data security policies are ignored
- Reducing audit timelines
- Limiting the audit scope
- Provide audit support
Q.38 Which of the following would be the most appropriate action if the firewall’s security policies are not effectively filtering traffic?
- Reboot the firewall to reset the policies
- Increase the logging level to debug the issue
- Refine and adjust the security policies based on the organisation’s needs
- Disable all policies to allow unrestricted traffic flow
Q.39 While preparing for an audit, the team is documenting data controls. What is the purpose of this documentation?
- To manage customer relationships
- To evaluate financial performance
- To assess market trends
- To ensure data integrity and disposal methods
Q.40 During an internal audit review, the team discusses audit efficiency. What does the term “audit efficiency” measure in this context?
- Time and resources spent per compliance area
- Number of employees involved in the audit
- Cost savings achieved through the audit
- Number of audit findings generated
Q.41 The audit team is tasked with ensuring the organisation complies with industry regulations. What does the compliance workflow in an audit process typically involve?
- Tracking employee vacation days
- Monitoring compliance with regulatory standards
- Designing new software applications
- Improving the physical workspace layout
Q.42 If a firewall misconfiguration is not promptly addressed, what is a likely consequence for the organisation?
- Increased network latency
- Unauthorised access to sensitive data
- Slower internet speed for users
- Reduced employee productivity
Q.43 After setting up a new firewall, you notice increased latency and decreased network performance. Which of the following troubleshooting actions is most appropriate?
- Disable some security policies to reduce the load on the firewall
- Use packet capture tools to analyse traffic patterns and logs, then optimise the firewall’s configuration
- Increase the firewall’s throughput by reducing monitoring features
- Remove all custom security rules and revert to factory default settings
Q.44 How can maintaining detailed documentation contribute to the overall effectiveness of the audit process and adherence to security policies?
- It provides transparency and evidence of adherence to security policies
- It reduces the need for audit training, as detailed documentation simplifies the audit process
- It ensures that auditors can complete the audit faster without needing to investigate access patterns
Q.45 After configuring an automated tool to perform a configuration review, the tool identifies several high-severity vulnerabilities in the system. What should be the next step?
- Analyse the scan results and prioritise issues based on severity
- Increase the scan frequency to monitor for additional vulnerabilities
- Conduct a manual review of all systems to validate the automated findings
- Update the automated tool to the latest version before addressing the findings
Q.46 How could the C++ firewall simulation be modified to allow a range of IP addresses (e.g., 192.168.1.100 to 192.168.1.110) instead of specifying individual IPs?
- Modify the isAllowedIP function to use a loop to generate and compare every IP within the range
- Modify the isAllowedIP function to compare only the first three octets of the IP address
- Implement a wildcard system to accept ranges, such as “192.168.1.**” for allowed IPs
- Implement a hashing algorithm to check IP ranges
Q.47 What should be the most effective initial step to address the misconfigurations during a configuration review using automated tools?
- Immediately update all systems to the latest software version
- Develop action plans in collaboration with relevant stakeholders to resolve identified issues
- Increase the frequency of automated scans to detect more issues
- Restrict access to these systems until the misconfigurations are resolved
Q.48 After implementing a DLP system, a company experiences numerous false positives, blocking legitimate data transfers. Which troubleshooting approach would best resolve this issue?
- Increase the sensitivity of DLP policies to capture more threats
- Regularly update sensitive data definitions and refine DLP policies
- Disable DLP during high-traffic periods to reduce disruptions
- Revert to manual data monitoring to avoid system errors
Q.49 You have deployed a firewall. However, after testing, you find that unauthorised traffic is still entering the network. What is the most effective action to troubleshoot and resolve this issue?
- Reduce the firewall’s sensitivity to traffic to avoid false positives
- Check the default security policies and create custom rules for your network’s specific security needs
- Disable all pre-configured firewall rules and rely on manually created rules
- Conduct a ping test to ensure the firewall has proper connectivity to the internal network
Q.50 A recent audit revealed that an organisation addressed most non-compliance issues, several key risk areas were still left unaddressed. Which KPI would be most useful here?
- Security Incident Response Time
- Continuous Improvement Index
- Risk Exposure Index
- Compliance Rate
